Basic knowledge of winter water pump and pump maintenance and repair (a)

Agricultural water pump and pumping station in winter repair and maintenance of basic knowledge First, the installation and troubleshooting of agricultural pumps Second, agricultural water pump repair and maintenance in winter Third, agricultural centrifugal pump to mention the reasons and exclusion of water Four, agricultural submersible pump in winter Maintenance of agricultural pumping is bad pumping maintenance is adjusted Sixth, the purchase and use of agricultural pumps technology Seven, agricultural micro-pump purchase and matters needing attention Eight, agricultural pump energy-saving technology Nine, the use of agricultural submersible pump Notes Ten , Small sprinkler common troubleshooting 11, rainy season agricultural irrigation machinery maintenance 12, scientific use of agricultural wells 13th, sprinkler system common failures and exclusions 14th, surface irrigation improved technology 15th, field gate irrigation system ten Sixth, water-saving irrigation technical specifications Seventeen, the extraordinary operation of the pump Eighteen, motor repair and renovation Nineteen, pumping stations and auxiliary equipment   20, submersible pumps and emergency drainage new technology First, the installation and failure of agricultural pumps Exclude 1, installation of agricultural pumps technical requirements are very strict. 1) The pump base should be strong, and try to shorten the length of the suction pipe. 2) inlet pipe should be sealed and reliable. Bottom valve and hose fasten with insurance rope. Water sources for the channel, the bottom valve should be higher than the bottom of 0.5 meters, and screening to prevent debris into the pump. 3) In the pump belt drive, the tight edge of the belt should be in order to improve the transmission efficiency. Pump impeller steering should be consistent with the direction of the arrow. 2, check the pump should pay attention to three points: 1) The pump shaft should be able to rotate freely, no impact noise; pump shaft radial no significant shaking, need to add enough lubricant. 2) Check whether there is damage to the inlet hose, if cracked, stick to it in time. Check the fastening bolts are loose, to tighten loose bolts. 3) Submersible pump motor windings, cable insulation to meet the requirements in order to use. 3, the troubleshooting method: 1) no water or no water, mostly due to the end of the valve stuck, part of the blockage of the water filter; water height is too high or suction pipe leaks; and impeller flow blockage due to blockages, etc., should be taken separately The corresponding solution. 2) The pipeline leaks or leaks, the bolt may not be tightened during installation. If the leakage is not serious, in the place of leakage or leakage of cement slurry, and tighten the nut with a wrench; if serious water leakage, we must reload. 3) water pump violent vibration, may be unbalanced electric rotors, or coupling poor coupling, bearing wear and bending; may also be caused by rotating parts loose, cracked and pipe support is not strong and so on. Should be adjusted according to different situations, reinforcement, straightening or replacement. 4, troubleshooting tips 1) start the pump does not turn? Reason: packing is too tight or between the impeller and the pump stuck and blocked by debris; pump shaft, bearings, leak ring rust live; serious axis pump. Remedy: Loose packing, clear the diversion channel: open the pump body to remove debris or rust; to correct the curved shaft or a new pump shaft. 2) after the start of the pump is not water   reasons: the pump air or inlet gas; bottom valve is not strict irrigation water is not satisfied, the vacuum pump filling a serious leak; gate valve or rattling closed lax. Remedy: remove debris, replace the damaged rubber mat, change the direction of the valve; press or replace the new packing, close the gate valve or the door; increase the amount of irrigation until the deflation plug does not bubble; replace with Cracked tube water; reduce head, the pump nozzle pressed into the water 0.5 meters. 3) The flow is insufficient. Reason: The actual head of the pump exceeds the allowable lift; the speed is not matched or the belt slips, the speed is low; the installation angle of the axial pump blade is too small; the suction stroke is too high; Defect; serious leakage of water pipes. Remedy: Reduce the lift, restore the rated speed, remove the belt dirt and adjust the belt tightness; adjust the blade angle, reduce the pump installation position; tighten the gland, seal the pump leakage, compression packing or replacement packing; clear the blockage, Replace the impeller; replace the leak ring, plug the leak. 4) the flow from big to small   reasons: the filter or the bell is gradually blocked by debris; dynamic water level decreases, the water inlet submerged depth is not enough. Remedy: Remove debris, increase the depth of the bottom valve into the water. 5) The operation of the water out of the interruption â '¤ reasons: debris or plumbing debris; packing wear, loose, plug the water seal; impeller was broken or loose; Remedy: remove clogs, replace the filler, clear the guide pipe groove, the correct installation of water seal ring; tighten or replace the impeller; reduce the pump installation location, or until the water level rise and then boot. 6) too much power consumption reason: high speed; pump shaft bending; leaves around a debris; head is too high. Remedy: Adjust the appropriate speed; correct pump shaft; remove debris; try to reduce head. Second, the agricultural water pump repair and maintenance of winter 1, after the winter irrigation, the use of the pump will be stored for a year. The use of the winter slack season on the pump for a thorough overhaul and maintenance is necessary. 2, the pump is disabled, the pump and water pipes to all the release of water, the external dirt to clean, so as to avoid frozen water after freezing the pump body and pipe burst. 3, the pump impeller, bearings, Mug and other parts should be carefully checked and found that the serious wear and tear parts, should be replaced. Do not need to be replaced, use gasoline wash, coated with butter, re-installed. 4, the bending or serious wear and tear of the pump shaft, should be repaired and replaced, and reassembled. 5, the pump at the end of the valve, elbow and other cast iron, steel wire brush should be used to rust brush, and then painted, and then dry into the room or storage room dry place to save. Remove the belt after the wash and dry, hanging in a dry place. 6, the screws will be removed to wash with diesel, and coated with oil, re-installed or wrapped with plastic sheets and put away to prevent loss. Third, the agricultural centrifugal pump to mention the causes and exclusion of water Centrifugal pump with its simple structure, easy maintenance, high efficiency and become the most widely used in agriculture, a pump, but also because sometimes not mention the water and It is annoying. We will analyze the reasons for not referring to the fault of water. 1, the air inlet pipe and the pump body 1) some users did not fill enough water before the pump started; sometimes it seems that the irrigation water has overflowed from the bleed hole, but did not turn the pump shaft air completely discharged, resulting in a little air also Residual water pipe or pump body. 2) The horizontal section of the inlet pipe in contact with the pump applies a descending slope of 0.5% or more to the direction of the flow of water. Connect one end of the inlet of the pump to the highest level, not to the full level. If you tilt up, there will be trapped air inlet pipe, reducing the vacuum hose and pump, affecting water absorption. 3) The pump's packing has been worn over a long period of time or the packing pressure is too loose, resulting in a large amount of water being ejected from the gap between the packing and the shaft sleeve of the pump. As a result, external air flows into the interior of the pump from these gaps, affecting To mention the water. 4) Inlet pipe Due to long-term potential underwater, pipe wall corrosion holes, water pump work continues to decline, when these holes exposed water, the air from the hole into the water pipe. 5) cracks in the inlet pipe cracks, inlet pipe and pump connections appear tiny gaps, are likely to make the air into the inlet pipe. 2, the pump speed is too low 1) artificial factors. A considerable part of the user due to the original motor damage, it is coupled with another motor-driven, resulting in less traffic, low lift or even pumping the consequences of the water. 2) belt wear. There are many large pump away from the belt, because of long-term use, the belt wear and loose, there slippage, thereby reducing the pump speed. 3) improper installation. Two pulley center distance is too small or two axes are not parallel, tight belt mounted to the top, resulting in the wrapping angle is too small, the two pulley diameter calculation error and coupling shaft pump two eccentric eccentricity will result in Pump speed changes. 4) The pump itself mechanical failure. Loosening of the impeller and the shaft of the pump shaft or the deformation and bending of the shaft of the pump cause the impeller to move more, directly friction with the pump body, or bearing damage, which may reduce the speed of the pump. 5) Power engine maintenance does not record. Motor due to the winding burned, and lost magnetism, the maintenance of the winding turns, diameter, wiring changes, or maintenance failure is not completely ruled out the factors that will change the pump speed. 3, Suction too deep Some of the water is deep, some of the water's outer periphery is relatively flat, while ignoring the allowable suction pump, resulting in less water absorption or simply can not absorb the results of the water. To know that there is a limit to the degree of vacuum that can be established at the suction port of a pump, the suction at absolute vacuum is about 10 meters high and the pump can not establish an absolute vacuum. And the vacuum is too large, easy to pump the water gasification, the work of the pump negative. Therefore, the centrifugal pump has its maximum allowable suction, usually between 3 to 8.5 meters, not only when installing the pump is simple and convenient. 4, the flow of water out of the resistance loss is too large Some users after the measurement, although the vertical distance from the reservoir or water tower to the water surface is slightly less than the head of the pump, but still mention the amount of water is small or mention the water. The reason is often too long pipes, pipe corners, water flow resistance in the pipeline is too large loss. The reason is often too long pipes, pipe corners, water flow resistance in the pipeline is too large loss. Under normal circumstances, 90-degree bend than the 120-degree elbow resistance, each 90-degree elbow head loss of about 0.5 to 1 meter, every 20 meters of pipe resistance can make head loss of about 1 meter. In addition, some users are also free to pump into and out of the tube diameter, which also has a certain impact on the lift. 5, the impact of other factors 1) can not open the valve at the end. It is usually due to the pump being left on for too long, the bottom valve gasket is stuck, and the bottom valve without gasket may rust out. 2) The bottom valve filter screen is clogged; or the bottom valve causes potential filter plugging in the sludge layer. 3) impeller wear serious. Impeller blades worn by long-term use, affecting the pump performance. 4) gate valve or check valve failure or blockage will result in reduced flow or even pumping out the water. 5) Out of the drain pipe leakage will affect the amount of water. Fourth, agricultural submersible pump winter maintenance Submersible pump winter must be made to make the necessary maintenance to extend the life of submersible pumps and to ensure the normal spring irrigation. 1, check the wearing parts. First of all remove the pump part, check the impeller, buckle, sleeve, bearing consumables such as intact. Good can continue to use the pump assembly, bad should be replaced after the replacement of new qualified parts to use, non-use of damaged and unqualified parts. 2, for lubricating oil. Open the sealed chamber and the motor oil hole screw, the sealed chamber and the motor all the internal release of lubricating oil, replace the new oil, to ensure the normal operation of the lubrication system. 3, to ensure that the seal. In the replacement of sealed chamber oil, if the oil is found to be cloudy and the water content has exceeded 50 cubic centimeters, you must replace or replace the sealed box or moving and static sealing ring as a whole, and the replacement parts must be qualified products to ensure the sealing performance good. 4, get rid of moisture. For motor windings with insulation resistance less than 0.5 mΩ, damp moisture must be removed and dried in the same way as a normal motor. If the overall or sealed box is not replaced, only the pump part of the stator can be removed, under normal circumstances or the whole sealed box should not be disassembled, if you really need to disassembly. O-ring seals must be replaced. 5, check the shaft